What is CMIST?

During emergencies, people have different needs, and some might need extra help. Emergencies can make existing challenges worse and create new ones. The CMIST Framework helps us identify these needs so we can plan effectively and ensure everyone receives the support they require.

What does CMIST Mean?

CMIST stands for five main areas where people might need help. These areas are:

C - Communication

Some people might have trouble receiving or understanding information. This could include:

• People who are deaf or hard of hearing
• People who use American Sign Language (ASL)
• People who don't speak English well or speak English as a second language
• People who are blind or have low vision
• People with cognitive or developmental disabilities

M - Medical or Maintaining Health

Some people need additional medical help. This might include:

• Special medical equipment, like wheelchairs or walkers
• People who manage chronic health conditions and multiple medications
• People who manage wound care
• Consumable medical supplies, like diapers, formula, or bandages
• Durable medical equipment, like wheelchairs, scooters, or walkers

I - Independence

Some people need help with daily activities, like eating, getting dressed, or using the bathroom. This includes:

• Durable medical equipment, like wheelchairs, scooters, or walkers
• Service animals
• People who need personal care assistance
• Children and adults who need supervision

S - Services & Supports

Some people need extra support to stay safe and healthy. This could include:

• People with mental health needs, like anxiety or depression
• People with psychiatric conditions, like dementia or schizophrenia
• Pregnant women, nursing mothers, and infants
• Children who need supervision

T - Transportation

Some people might need help with transportation during an emergency. This could include:

• People who don't drive, like older adults, individuals with disabilities or temporary injuries
• People who can't drive for legal reasons
• People who don't have a car
  
• People who don't have money to purchase fuel

Why is CMIST Important?

The CMIST Framework helps us think about everyone’s needs during an emergency, not just people with obvious disabilities. By understanding these five areas, we can make sure everyone is safe and has access to the help they need.

Sources

This information is based on the work of June Isaacson Kailes and Alexandra Enders and is used by organizations like FEMA, the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR), and the DelValle Institute Learning Center.